What is Semen Made Of?

Semen is the fluid that is emitted during ejaculation. Its main purpose is to deliver sperm to the vaginal tract, and create an optimal environment for sperm to reach their final destination. There are several key components to semen, each playing a vital role in reproductive function:

 

1. Spermatozoa (mature sperm): A healthy semen sample contains at least 15 million spermatozoa per milliliter of fluid. Spermatozoa are the male reproductive cells responsible for fertilizing the female egg. 

2. Seminal Plasma: This is the fluid portion of semen, and it is made of secretions from several glands:
• Seminal vesicle secretions: The seminal vesicles produce the majority of fluid in the semen. Fluid from the seminal vesicles includes fructose, which is a sugar that provides energy for sperm, prostagladins (molecules that can help with contraction of the female reproductive tract), and various proteins and enzymes that help with sperm motility and stability
• Prostatic secretions: The prostate is a gland that sits at the base of the bladder. Fluid from the prostate contains PSA (prostate-specific antigen), which helps liquefy the semen after ejaculation, citrate - a nutrient for sperm, and enzymes such as phosphatase, which may help the breakdown of seminal coagulation
• Bulbourethral secretions: The bulbourethral glands secrete a small amount of pre-ejaculatory fluid that helps lubricate the urethra and neutralize acidic urine residue

The  volume of semen ranges from 2-5 milliliters. The pH is between 7.2 and 8, making it slightly alkaline. 

 

*This post is for educational purposes only, and should not be taken as medical advice. If you have personal medical questions, consult with your personal physician* 

 

Keywords: Sperm cycle, science behind fertility, science behind sperm, sperm formation